2. Introduction/Review of Literature
The purpose of an introduction is to acquaint the reader with the rationale behind the work, with the intention of defending it. It places your work in a theoretical context, and enables the reader to understand and appreciate your objectives. Your introductions should not exceed two pages (double spaced, typed).
This section should include:
Describe the importance (significance) of the study – why was this worth doing in the first place?
Provide an overview of the research pertinent to your study?
Provide a rationale. State your specific hypothesis(es) or objective(s), and describe the reasoning that led you to select them.
Important points:
CITE ALL STUDIES YOU MENTION USING APPROPRIATE FORMAT (i.e APA, etc)
Use past tense except when referring to established facts. After all, the paper will be submitted after all of the work is completed.
Organize your ideas, making one major point with each paragraph.
State the hypothesis/objective precisely – do not oversimplify.
3. Methods
( You should use this methods)
Methods
Participants
For this study, six basketball players were used to gather data. Their mean age was 24.6 years, mean height was 177.6 cm, and mean body mass was 74.6 kg. Their exposure and experience in playing basketball totaled to a mean time of 7.3 years and 9.8 hours each week individually. Each participant had to have a size 9 shoe and were dominant on their right leg. Also, each participant had to be free of any lower extremity injury for at least six months prior to evaluation.
Shoe conditions
The Nike Hyperdunk 2010 shoe was used in this experiment. The only differences between the two shoes was that one of the shoe collars was higher than the other by 8.5 cm. The heel width of the shoe was 85 mm, the forefoot width of the shoe was 113 mm, the heel thickness of the shoe was 31 mm, and the forefoot thickness was 25 mm. This shoe was chosen based on its popularity in the basketball world for amateur and professional basketball players.
Testing
To measure the range of subtalar motion, force, velocity, and reaction time, multiple photoelectric timing gaits, Fusion Sport Smart Speed Timing Gates, Brisbane, and Australia, were used to create a pop-up signal that was completely random. This timing gate test has shown to have reliable test-retest abilities for multiple testing conditions. Each participant performed quick cutting, or a forward direction run without knowing which way to go until told by the pop-up light signals that were random. After each participant passed the trigger gate, a pop-up light would show whether to continue forward or to cut to the left. The cutting motion was completed when the participant had approached at a speed as fast as they could and was immediately followed by a plant-and-cut step at maximum effort to the left with their right foot on the platform that measured force. The two gates used for exit were set at 3 meters and 2.5 meters away from the force platforms center. These timing gates had a height of 1.06 m and a width of 3 m. The direction for each path was indicated by white tape. All of the data collected in this experiment was collected telemetrically to a personal digital assistant. Three 1.2m by 1.2 m wooden AMTI force platforms were used to record the ground reaction force data for right leg planting and first left leg impelling force from one cutting trial on the sagittal and transverse planes. Along with this, two cameras that were motion capturing were placed in a circular fashion around the platforms that was used to measure the joint angles on the subtalar plane.
Procedure
After each one of their measurements of their feet were taken, each participant was given a new pair of standard socks to wear and were run through a ten-minute warmup that included stretching and running in their own shoes. Then, each participant was given the low-collar and high-collar shoe to wear during the first and then the second half of the experiment. 6 markers that were 14mm in diameter were put along the body for proper analysis of the subtalar joint movements. After a trial was run, it was only counted if the approach speed, cutting step, propulsion step, and correct responses to the light-up signals were executed. Overall, seven trials that were successful were conducted for each shoe and direction. Throughout each participant, at least 28 successful trials were measured. 1.5 to 10 minutes resting periods were given to the participants between each trial or different shoes to slow down fatigue.
https://www-tandfonline-com.proxy.pba.edu/doi/full/10.1080/02640414.2015.1011206
4. Results
The page length of this section is set by the amount and types of data to be reported. Use figures and tables, if appropriate, to present results most effectively. The purpose of a results section is to present and illustrate your findings. Make this section a completely objective report of the results.
This section should include:
A summary of your data in paragraph and figure/table form.
In text, describe each of your results, pointing the reader to observations that are most relevant.
Describe results of control experiments and include observations that are not presented in a formal figure or table, if appropriate.
